Biomedical Applications of Metal 3D Printing

by Tanya Fosdal | Jul 1, 2021 | research papers

“Additive manufacturing’s attributes include print customization, low per-unit cost for small- to mid-batch production, seamless interfacing with mainstream medical 3D imaging techniques, and feasibility to create free-form objects in materials that are biocompatible and biodegradable. Consequently, additive manufacturing is apposite for a wide range of biomedical applications including custom biocompatible implants that mimic the mechanical response of bone, biodegradable scaffolds with engineered degradation rate, medical surgical tools, and biomedical instrumentation. This review surveys the materials, 3D printing methods and technologies, and biomedical applications of metal 3D printing, providing a historical perspective while focusing on the state of the art. It then identifies a number of exciting directions of future growth: (a) the improvement of mainstream additive manufacturing methods and associated feedstock; (b) the exploration of mature, less utilized metal 3D printing techniques; (c) the optimization of additively manufactured load-bearing structures via artificial intelligence; and (d) the creation of monolithic, multimaterial, finely featured, multifunctional implants.”

Biomedical Applications of Metal 3D Printing Download

Paper published to Annual Reviews in July 2021 https://www.annualreviews.org/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-082020-032402

Overview of Metal 3D Printing in Biomedical Engineering

Metal 3D printing has emerged as a revolutionary technology in biomedical engineering, providing innovative solutions for creating complex structures that traditional manufacturing methods cannot achieve. This technology allows for the production of customized implants, prosthetics, and surgical instruments tailored to individual patient needs.

Recent advancements in metal 3D printing have demonstrated significant potential in the medical field. For instance, researchers are exploring the use of titanium alloys for orthopedic implants, which can enhance biocompatibility and reduce the risk of rejection. Additionally, the ability to print intricate lattice structures can improve the integration of implants with bone tissue, promoting faster healing and better outcomes.

Applications of Metal 3D Printing in Healthcare

The applications of metal 3D printing in healthcare are vast, ranging from the creation of patient-specific surgical guides to the manufacturing of complex medical devices. This technology enables healthcare professionals to produce customized solutions that enhance surgical precision and improve patient outcomes.

For example, metal 3D printing has been successfully utilized to create custom cranial implants for patients with skull defects. These implants are designed using advanced imaging techniques to match the patient's anatomy perfectly, leading to improved cosmetic and functional results. Furthermore, the ability to rapidly prototype and iterate designs allows for innovative solutions that meet the unique challenges of modern medicine.

Benefits of Using Metal 3D Printing in Biomedical Applications

Utilizing metal 3D printing in biomedical applications offers several advantages, including reduced lead times, enhanced design flexibility, and the ability to produce complex geometries that are not feasible with traditional manufacturing processes. These benefits contribute to more efficient production and improved patient care.

Moreover, metal 3D printing can significantly lower material waste and costs, as it allows for additive manufacturing where materials are only used as needed. This efficiency not only benefits manufacturers but also makes advanced medical solutions more accessible to healthcare providers and patients alike.

Future Trends in Metal 3D Printing for Biomedical Use

The future of metal 3D printing in biomedical applications is promising, with ongoing research and technological advancements paving the way for new possibilities. As materials science continues to evolve, we can expect to see the introduction of novel alloys and composites that offer improved performance characteristics for medical applications.

Additionally, the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning in the design and manufacturing processes is expected to enhance the capabilities of metal 3D printing. These advancements will likely lead to even more personalized medical solutions, further pushing the boundaries of what is possible in the field of biomedical engineering.